Actuality. Recently, neurobiological dysfunction has been considered the cause of dyslexia in children. This is important to understand, since there is a widespread belief on the part of teachers and parents that the child does not want to read. That is, the child, as a result, does not grasp the meaning of words and phrases. Another factor of such disorders is a consequence of neuroinfection or craniocerebral trauma, a complication in childbirth with imbalance between the two hemispheres of the brain (1, 3). Reading itself is a complex mechanism, in the process of which the totality of both oral and written speech is manifested; it is the result of the cortical activity of analysis and synthesis, optical and acoustic irritability (2, 6). Dyslexic mistakes when reading, which are based on a repetitive violation, which slows down the reading process, there is no connection between words in a sentence. There are several forms of dyslexia or their combination. For the first time, they began to talk about dyslexia in the 60s of the last century, without singling out into a specific unit, as “mild” developmental disorders of the child. The disagreement on this issue prompted the US National Institutes of and the necessary complex correction on the part of doctors, teachers, and parents.