Abstract: Covid-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, highly infective in the human body. The virus is widely spread in every continent with over twenty-seven million infections and over ninety-thousand reported deaths attributed to COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 contains a single stranded RNA virus, comprising three main viral proteins; membrane, spike and envelope. The clinical features of COVID-19 can be classified according to different degrees of severity, with some patients progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, many infections cause mild disease causing symptoms. As there is no specific treatment in the absence of an effective vaccine, movement controls of varying strategies have been imposed. Whilst enforced lockdown measures have been effective, they may be less effective against the current strain of SARS-CoV-2. The front runners in the race to develop an effective vaccine focus on the SARS-Co-V-2 Spike protein. However, vaccines that produce a T-cell response to a wider range of SARS-Co-V-2 viral proteins may be more effective. Population based studies that determine the level of innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2, from prior exposure to the corona viruses, will have important implications for government imposed movement control and the strategic delivery of vaccination programmers.