Abstract:- Sensorineural hearing loss is a form of hearing loss (up to loss), in which any of the areas of the sound-receiving part of the auditory analyzer are affected, starting from the direct sensory apparatus of the cochlea and ending with damage to the neural structures. The main causes of sensorineural hearing loss in children can be grouped into two large groups: hereditary (genetically determined, familial) and non-hereditary (exogenous). According to the time of occurrence, hearing impairment can be congenital (the factor affects the body of the embryo, fetus and newborn) and acquired.