A common gastrointestinal ailment that many individuals experience is ulcers. It is an inflammatory tear in the skin or the mucous lining of the stomach. When there is a disruption of the usual balance brought on by either increased aggressiveness or decreased mucosal resistance, ulceration results. Ulcers of the digestive system in the duodenum or stomach are included in the general term “peptic ulcers.” The development of peptic ulcers is contingent upon the existence of acid and peptic activity in the stomach juice, in addition to a decomposition of mucosal defenses. There are many synthetic medications available to treat ulcers. But as compared to natural remedies, these medications are more costly and probably have more adverse effects. The literature showed that several Ayurveda physicians and conventional medical practitioners treat ulcers using a variety of medicinal plants and polyherbal combinations. Relieving pain, healing the ulcer, and delaying the recurrence of the ulcer are the ideal goals of therapy for peptic ulcer disease.In this research a single dose of aspirin at 500 mg/kg body weight significantly increased ulcer index (UI) and decreased mucosal thickness (MT). But extract of seeds of Hedge mustard graded doses i.e., 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 350 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 450 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg body weight, and when the rats were subjected to a single dose of aspirin-induced gastric ulceration showed a significant decrease in ulcer index (UI) and increasing mucosal thickness (MT) at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.