Abstract: The agricultural system is induced to use chemical based fertilizers, pesticides, and more chemically treated agro products for the purpose of getting higher yield in a short time. This leads to severe damage to the soil condition by reducing the water retention, nitrogen fixing ability and the nutrient values of the soil. To avoid this we can implement nanotechnology to form a sustainable agro ecosystem. This research article is focused on highlighting the use of nanoparticles (NPs) specifically the nanopesticides, nanofertilizers and hybrid seeds in the field of agriculture. The formulation of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides through the NPs has specific working sites and thus they can bring out a new world of agro system. This article also describes how an agricultural field has been developed by formulating nanotechnology in it. The Efficiency and fate of nanomaterials is strongly dictated by their properties and interactions with soil constituents which are also critically discussed in this review. This research has a serious investigation on the future opportunities in the nano-agrosystem to bring out smart agriculture.