Back-ground: The subnormal number of platelets in the circulating blood is defined as thrombocytopenia, which is the most common cause of abnormal bleeding. The normal value of platelet count for adults is 1.4–4.0L/mm³ and for children is 1.5–4.5L/mm³. The clinical presentations of thrombocytopenia are easy or excessive bruising (purpura), petechiae, nose bleeding, gum bleeding, blood in urine and stools, unusually heavy menstrual flows, fatigue, splenomegaly and jaundice. The platelet counts less than 1.4L/mm³ for adults and 1.5L/mm³ for children are diagnosed as the thrombocytopenia.

Objective: The main aim of our study is to assess the prevalence and severity of thrombocytopenia.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Yashoda Hospitals, Secunderabad, and it was approved by the Institutional Review Board. A total of 162 patients were screened for thrombocytopenia among various diseases that including malaria, typhoid, dengue and viral fever the prevalence of thrombocytopenia was observed to be 92%.

Results: Prevalence was higher in males (54%) when compared to females (46%) with a notable occurrence in the age group of 11-20 years (32%). And the severity of thrombocytopenia is more in males and it was moderate with 53.8%.

Conclusion: In our study the occurrence of thrombocytopenia was observed to be more in males than females. More than half of the individuals were observed to be NS1 reactive. Majority of the patients with moderate severity in the age group 11-20 years.